Nationally Determined Contributions: the national targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions submitted by each country voluntarily under the Paris Agreement. NDCs typically include a percentage emissions reduction compared against a baseline year as well as intended policies and action plans that aim to achieve the goal.
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11 June 2026
In the context of economics, an externality is a consequence of a business or industrial activity that affects third parties but which is not reflected in market prices.
22 May 2026
CO2 emissions from the industrial sectors led to a year-on-year drop in 2025 under the EU Emissions Trading System, according to verified European Commission figures released in April.
19 May 2026
Refers to sectors in which greenhouse gas emissions are difficult to reduce. Includes industries such as iron and steel, cement, refining, chemicals, shipping, aviation and heavy duty trucks.
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